Large earthquake and tsunami disaster that last occurred in late 2004 in Aceh and parts of North Sumatra. More than 150,000 people died. But earthquakes occur almost every year in Indonesia. After the earthquake in Aceh in late 2004, in 2005 the island of Nias and surrounding areas are also hit by the quake. Around 1000 people became victims. End of May 2006, the turn of Yogyakarta in Central Java earthquake devastated. Died victim reached over 5.000 people.
Various regions in Indonesia is the point of disaster-prone, especially earthquakes, tsunamis, floods and volcanic eruptions. Indonesia territory surrounded by the Eurasian plate, the Indo-Australian plate and Pacific plate. At times these plates will shift breaking cause earthquakes. Furthermore, in case of collision of tectonic antarlempeng can produce tsunamis, as happened in Aceh and North Sumatra.
Note from the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (DVMBG) Department of Energy and Mineral Resources shows that there are 28 regions in Indonesia are stated prone to earthquake and tsunami. Among the NAD, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, Banten, Central Java and Yogyakarta, South Java, South Bali, NTB and NTT. Then North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, North Maluku, South Moluccas, Biak, Yapen and Fak-Fak in Papua and East Kalimantan Balikpapan.
In addition to the three tectonic plates encircled the world, Indonesia is also the path of The Pasicif Ring of Fire (Pacific Ring of Fire), which is a series of lines of active volcanoes in the world. Pacific ring of fire stretching between the Pacific plate subduction and separation of the Indo-Australian Plate, the Eurasian plate, North American Plate and the Nazca plate is colliding with the South American plate. He stretches from the west coast of South America began, continues to the west coast of North America, circular to Canada, Kamsatschka peninsula, Japan, Indonesia, New Zealand and South Pacific islands. Indonesia has a volcano with a number of approximately 240 pieces, in which nearly 70 of whom are still active. Zone seismicity and the active volcano is very well-known circum-Pacific region, because every great earthquake or a devastating tsunami in the region, confirmed human casualties very much.
To know when an earthquake will happen is hard work. This is because earthquakes can occur suddenly anywhere as long as it is still in the seismic zones of the earth. Thus it is still possible is to conduct early warning system (early warning sytem) which serves as an "alarm" if at any time Emergency earthquake came unexpectedly. Implementation of this system could be implemented by installing a seismograph is connected with the string of satellites. National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) USA for example, has been using sensors called DART (Deep Oceaan Assessment and Reporting) which is able to measure changes in sea waves caused by tectonic earthquake.
Earthquake detection instruments should be placed directly on the earthquake-prone areas such as Aceh, Nabire, Alor, Bengukulu, south coast of Java, and a number of other earthquake-prone areas. Detection tools installed monitored daily by a technical officer who was in the area concerned, which then sends it to the center for processing and further analysis by experts who are experts in their fields .***
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